Since Sunday night and during much of the long weekend of Carnival, there were at least three attempts to occupations in various apartment complexes located in the Lower Flowers and Villa Soldati, but only which transcended through the media was that successful. The three buildings where there were attempts to take are aimed at people living on the banks of the Riachuelo and whose move is part of the recovery policy watercourse that drives the Matanza Riachuelo River Basin Authority (Acumar). This attempted to occupy the complex General Paz located Castañares where should relocate 220 families of 21-24 villas, the resort in 2049 that would Lacarra accommodate 28 families in the settlement of Cabins Magaldi, and was actually located on Avenida taken Castañares and Portela where should be placed 44 families in the settlement Luján, also of the barracks area, as evidenced in the eradication program and location that has the federal judge in Quilmes, Luis Armella.
"Everyone knew that would occur in those shots, it was sung. There was only one trooper for such a complex of more than 600 homes in total. It was inevitable. Were ten mothers with their babies and what was going to the police? "Repressed? But for weeks we knew this would happen. Is suggestive that there is always a greater police presence, including private security and, suddenly, is just a patrol, "said Miguel Angel Oga, Luján settlement delegate and member of the Matanza Riachuelo Cooperative Limited CTA.
To Oga, between the occupiers "are all, most are genuine people with a need" but also asks: "If you want to live in a house and it's Thomas," broke her water heaters? It is difficult, I say that about everything. "
In The Autonomous City of Buenos Aires there are more than 160,000 people living in houses usurped. It is a statistic, a number of recent overflow, but rather a quiet drama that moves slowly and is devouring everything.
But the problem is not only there, in addition to those living in squats, there are 100,000 living in slums and 90,000 are in hotels and pensions in inhumane conditions and a significant number living in shelters and centers that help National State and City have enabled. That is, more than 350,000 residents of the City of Buenos Aires have serious housing problems.
"Poverty in Buenos Aires is defined by housing problems "said Jorge Srur, president of the Housing Commission of the Buenos Aires Legislature. The other needs are met somehow. There is food aid, school and hospital system is the best city in the country, but the roof is what you are missing. "
An official report indicates that in 2010, there were 961 illegal occupations. The count includes not only public spaces such as the American Indian and Albariño Club, but also private spaces. The south / southwest of the city is the most affected
As reported by a well-known morning, December was the month in which there were more jobs, with a total of 109. December was also the month in which shots of the park trails occurred Indoamericano and Albariño Club, where the greatest impact. In November, 94 cases were recorded in September 1988 and October 85. July-the month with least-researched facts also recorded a total of 67 shots. According to the deputy
Buenos Aires for New Leadership, 150,000 people illegally occupying houses that belong to the state or individuals. So far this year, there were 259 occupations. The last shot was the last weekend, scores of squatters from nearby villages to Avellaneda Park neighborhood, took a total of 204 houses built by the Government of the City, located between Avenue Castañares Lafuente Street and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. The "squatters" anticipated that there will be only if they give decent housing.
social crisis, economic and policy throughout our history, but especially the one that occurred in 2001, affected most of the population, led the State wide coverage programs implemented to meet the most urgent needs of affected families, but these measures did not cover all the needs of citizens. One of the most significant effects of this crisis manifests itself in negative deepening existing housing situation. The low population income did not have access to new homes, they still massively self-produced their homes and irregularly compared to urban policy, while private investment is directed almost exclusively in the socio - economic highs and upper mids. Planes, credit facilities, loans, benefits are not directed to the portion of the population that most needs them. Plans are scarce, the houses that the state constructs are negligible compared to the number of people needing housing, building companies considering the benefits and profits and not on the housing problems of the City.
in recent years have followed using existing programs, but also designed and implemented to varying degrees, a number of plans and actions on access, promotion or improvement of habitat for the popular and media sectors, both federal, provincial and municipal as technical NGOs, religious bodies and charities, but this has not been sufficient to cover the ever increasing large number of people with housing difficulties.
The city is a product of various processes, independent and even contradictory territory production, hardware, different locations, demographic, economic and cultural. But society seems to perceive the city from another perspective. The City diagram according to market needs. Always opposed inner-city or city and countryside has been present. Today, it is believed that most immigrants are from Latin American countries, but that's a mistake, the immigrants are from the Argentine provinces that ejected. Argentina's growth party is based on soy fever, which is the third largest exporter (the 2010-2011 cycle will conclude with 52 million tons). But soy is not generating employment. And those who lose will come to capital and its surroundings. They prefer to be circumstantially the "poorest of the poor" but being close to work and services
The contemporary city can be understood rather than as
apex of territorial sovereignty as the space architecturally
functionalized in terms of appropriate resources and, therefore, as the support and the element of a certain increase in the flow of social actions, economic and political, as a massive amount of effects that affect each other and affect people moving around in it and, above all, as a privileged domain of government intervention. But the City reflects the misery of our condition, the mediocrity of our existence, leaving bring out the worst in us, how well it exploits the market. In the city that have money can enjoy all the advantages that the city gives, which has nothing, trying to survive on the crumbs that the city throw away.
The contemporary city is a geographical environment, social, economic and political rather extraction and storage of products such as concentration and intensification of production and accumulation processes: production geographic space that makes possible the accumulation of sites, social production of life that allows the accumulation of population, economic production becomes viable connections backlog and production management policy that maximizes the accumulation of uses. Similarly, it is concentration differences, extracts, marginalization everywhere are illuminated with lighting that gives the city the inhabitants of large cities.
From this perspective, understood in the size of the geographical environment, the city can be regarded as a disposition, settlement, one site on earth, rather than a simple set of streets and buildings, a combination of roads and buildings covering , that covers the ground, conceived in its social dimension, as a dense population and large, that is, as an intensification of the agglomeration, stacking, the acomunación of men in economic thought, as the primacy of industry and services on the
agriculture, which is the same as the prevalence of secondary and tertiary sectors
output on the primary, and considered as facet of the political, as a relatively autonomous administrative unit capable of supporting the proliferation and overlapping of space applications from the intensification of the management of their relationships and correlations.
City condemns and condemns us to the rest of the nation. Since you start of Argentina's history, and if you will, since the Industrial Revolution changed the social structure, geography land, the city has been the star.
No society, capitalist or socialist, was able to resolve the housing problem so that the entire population residing in decent housing. The concept of temporary housing varies in each social group or class and always refers to a particular society. Oscar
Yujnovsky uses the concept of "housing services" which means a flow of services that meet different human needs related to the physical dwelling, but not restricted to it, they have more to do with the concept of habitat.
The concept of housing services refers to coverage needs such as: shelter, shelter from inclement weather, family privacy, space, social relations, security, identity, privacy, healthy environment, access to transport and social facilities.
policies related to housing sector and developed by the National Government recognizes constraints and influences derived from the context both international and local level.
From the '30s occurs strengthening the role of the state in economic and social dynamics, later becoming the central actor in the shaping and regulation of different aspects of the national dynamics during a period of approximately 50 years, responding to the paradigm of so-called "Welfare State."
From the mid-40s were predominant universalist policies, aimed at the homogenization of the population, social integration and the idea of \u200b\u200bequality. In the second half of the 70 starts a process called the hegemony of the neoliberal model that questioned the former type of state, taking root during the 90 period in which social policies, including housing, are based in three areas crossing their fields of intervention: focus, decentralization and privatization.
processes in construction and urban management involving different types of social actors can be understood at a structural level as those actual units of action in a society that, in response to different logics, through its decisions and activities consensus and conflict are defining and building the social and material life. As for a specific analysis in a particular social situation is deemed more appropriate to consider as social actors to a human group or organization that transient or stable has the ability to accumulate resources of various kinds, develop interests, to satisfy needs and participating in a given situation producing events.
can identify different types of players because of their link with the production and management of the city-state actors who manage and execute public processes of production of the city, actors defined in the market (economic) actors involved in community in the production of the city (individuals, families, functional and regional organizations) and political actors articulate the various local forces or groups (groups and political parties).
The central issues of the contemporary city are four: the geographical problem of access to housing, the economic problem access to work-well-understood, at work, not the workplace, the social problem of the proliferation of isolation and address the political problem of violence that can not fail to arise in an environment characterized by continued escalation of involvement interaction between uses and functions of radically heterogeneous space.
Constitution of the City of Buenos Aires, Chapter V, Habitat, Article 31:
The City recognizes the right to decent housing and suitable habitat. To do this: Solve the housing deficit gradually, infrastructure and services, giving priority to people in poor areas and critical needs poor special. Sponsored
incorporation of idle properties, promotes self-managed plans, urban and social integration of marginalized people, the recovery of slums and the regulation dominial and cadastral criteria of permanent residents. Regulates establishments that provide temporary housing, taking care to exclude those they cover up locations.
Theoretically, the squatters would have constitutional protection and should not have happened in the City of Buenos Aires, but Macri claims by all means respect for the law itself does not comply.
in Argentina has been an accumulation of failures in all policies that were implemented to build social housing, the severity has worsened during the steps of Alfonsin, Menem, De la Rua and Duhalde, for the permanent adjustment looting of public saving or domestic. Only now, with the advent of Kirchner, there is an upward trend, as only this change in direction occurred, to September 2009, 470,457 housing solutions throughout the Republic which, though positive, is insufficient to meet current demand: Argentina needs three million new homes.
The need to build housing in the City of Buenos Aires is the most urgent and pressing, and last year ran only Twenty percent of the allocated for this purpose and management throughout macrista only built 18 housing units. The current government, living giving speeches victimized Executive Branch insists on privileging the interests of actors eternal speculative construction, mortgage bankers are sharking, union bureaucrats who depress wages for lower costs and business speculators, national and international , who benefit from soaring rents per square meter of construction in urban centers of Argentina (Puerto Madero: 200 pesos rentals and sales per m2 per m2 to 16,000 pesos).
There is no excuse for not have a new national strategic plan for social housing, by province and municipality by municipality, especially the wealthiest and most powerful city in the country, as is the City of Buenos Aires which paradoxically has the largest number of people crammed into slums.
The National Housing Fund (Fonavi) was created in the early seventies with the aim of ending the housing shortage by the year 2000. Your funds could only be invested in housing and housing facilities, with required by law (ie that could not be diverted). This collection was the primary contribution of all employees, who was down two per cent of salary, plus the addition of three per cent of employer contributions. Any worker over 55 will remember this discount on your bill. During the military dictatorship, Martinez de Hoz modified it: to encourage the business sector increased VAT by three percent (over 15 to 18 percent), for the Fonavi. Thus, every citizen by the mere fact of consuming products subject (grass, sugar, flour, clothing, etc.) brought to a future housing. When democracy came back to change for the three percent employer contribution, but it was reduced VAT, which remained at 18 percent.
Assuming, Menem eliminated the tax again employer changed by one percent tax on fuels (gas, naphtha, kerosene, oil, diesel), but neither reduced the VAT. And finally, De la Rua, agreed to pass it to general revenue, made a promise to enter the capital of international mortgage corporation, the same that led to the entire U.S. mortgage crisis and Europe (luckily it was before and helicopter).
A decent and adequate housing is housing that supplies our needs in all essential services, and also be funded so we can pay less than ten percent of monthly family income. It is up by law, constitutional rights and because we have been providing for her every day, every month, and for forty years.
Macri's government does nothing to solve the housing problems of the city, much less, it calls for overhauling the mechanisms of development that have not served too. In this crisis generate hundreds of thousands of people are desperate reality that forces them to live in dangerous and deplorable conditions, in others, to be duped by criminals who profit from the need and finally, trying to commit crimes Thus out of its precarious condition.
The State in any form can ignore this reality, their participation must be immediate. The no market how can solve the conflicts generated so far.
The "squatters" or its corresponding Saxon "Squatts" London dating from the late 60's. Arise in the first instance of the housing needs of young people from working class or middle class seeking alternative forms of life, regardless of the consumer society and the spectacular production of goods. Squat a building is obsolete, it usually takes time left, to not only provide housing, but also of creating an alternative cultural space and self-managed.
of England quickly spread to other European countries.
Such is the case Netherlands for example. Where the squatter movement is widely developed and organized.
The housing crisis that is shaking the main Italian cities carried in January 1971, working families occupy an empty palace spontaneously in Milan. A day after they are evicted by the police, with the unfulfilled promise that they would find lodging.
In June of that year there is a new occupation, this time from a construction site of the Comune (Town Hall). Days later came the eviction. The families gathered in the assembly decided to occupy the Faculty of Architecture as a form of protest. More than three thousand protesters surrounding the power in a show of support. Produced fierce clashes with police, leaving major injuries. Finally, the families got the allocation of housing they claimed.
The occupation not only gives shelter to those in need, but also a great method of protest.
justice often dictate evacuation measures, which many
sometimes occur in a troubled and violent because of the strength of reprimanded. This leads to a long struggle between property owners and those who occupy.
In turn, the state lacks efforts to allow people access to homeownership in the midst of poverty and unemployment. While Media, in general, addressed the phenomenon of "squats" only referring to the eviction without further details that complement the why of the situation, thus hiding the various circumstances being experienced by the occupants.
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